Gig Mocha – Tech Hobbyist

Port and Protocol Used by Bootp/DHCP Bootp and dhcp are two different protocols that can be used to assign network configuration parameters to a client. Bootp is more commonly used for this purpose, but dhcp is also sometimes necessary. The bootp protocol is the backbone of the dhcp protocol. Bootp provides a server with knowledge about what hardware and configuration parameters are required for an individual device to boot up, while dhcp servers distribute IP address information. The bootp protocol uses port number 67, while dhcp uses port number 68. Bootp or dhcp, which one do you use? It depends on the type of network that you are currently using. Bootp is typically used in a TCP/IP based network whereas dhcp is more often used in an IPX/SPX-based network. In order for bootp to work properly, it must be set up with UDP port 67 and IP protocol number 68. Dhcp servers are usually set up with UDP port 68 and IP protocol number 69. What is the key difference between RARP BOOTP and DHCP? RARP BOOTP and DHCP are two different protocols used for network configuration. RARP is a protocol that allows an individual device to communicate with other devices on the same network in order to discover its own IP address, whereas dhcp assigns IP addresses after bootp has assigned MAC (media access control) addresses. Dhcp does not send any data itself; it only relays information from one server to another while bootp sends out requests for specific hardware and software needed by each client before sending back the correct responses containing this information. What is the process to get an IP from DHCP? The DHCP protocol is used to assign IP addresses to a client. In order for an individual device to receive configuration information from a dhcp server, it must first send out the DHCPDISCOVER message on bootp port 67 and UDP 68. If there are no available addresses, then the dhcp server will respond with a DHCPNACK message which tells the client that they need to wait until more time has passed before trying again. The amount of time required between attempts depends upon whether or not another user is currently using this address: if nobody else needs it, then you can try as soon as possible; otherwise you should give others some room by waiting at least 15 minutes before sending your next request (the default duration). If you are able to receive an IP address, then the dhcp server will send you back a DHCPOFFER and client will reply with a DHCPREQUEST message on bootp port 67 and UDP 68 saying requesting for address. This configuration information includes your assigned IP address as well as your subnet mask and default gateway (as provided by other network servers)..The last message received by a client to any dhcp server will DHCPACK message when everything is complete. When should we use BOOTP/DHCP? If you have multiple locations that connect to a common hub or switch through individual cable connections, then using bootp or dhcp can be very helpful because it allows devices to request specific software and hardware configurations in order to facilitate proper load balancing among the servers. If you have a DHCP server already set up for one of your locations, then it may be relatively easy to use bootp/dhcp at the other location as well. Why is DHCP better than BOOTP? DHCP is typically faster and more efficient because it does not require sending out requests for specific software or hardware configurations. This protocol also offers greater security by allowing an administrator to provide a list of authorized devices which are able to receive the dhcp server's configuration information. Why is RARP replaced by BOOTP and BOOTP is replaced by DHCP?? RARP BOOTP and DHCP are two different protocols used for network configuration. RARP is a protocol that allows an individual device to communicate with other devices on the same network in order to discover its own IP address, whereas dhcp assigns IP addresses after bootp has assigned MAC (media access control) addresses. Why does DHCP use UDP instead of TCP? The main difference between these two protocols lies deep within their functions: dhcp does not send any data itself; it only relays information. So, because UDP is a connectionless protocol, it can be used to relay messages from one server (the dhcp client) to another (the dhcp server). Bootp and TCP send their own data and therefore cannot rely on this type of transfer since the receiving device must also respond back directly instead of over bootp/dhcp. Conclusion These protocols are very helpful in getting the network configuration information for an individual device. Bootp is used to send out requests and dhcp tells you what your IP address, subnet mask, gateway access point may be. These protocols use UDP and DHCP also uses TCP.

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